Reliable Structural Stability and Damage Control of Concrete Gravity Dams During Earthquakes

In this work, meta models considering the non-linearity of the problem are dedicated to determining the displacements of the crest and the foundation of the Koyna dam model. ABAQUS 6.14 program is used to create the numerical simulations by employing extended finite element method XFEM with the presence of Koyna earthquake time history data for 10 seconds. Five factors related to the foundation's material properties and reservoir depth are involved in an optimization study. The Pareto optimization method is adopted with the support of MATLAB codes to calculate the optimized values of the participating factors. A multi-objective function authorized by two meta models is being optimized to predict the optimized minimum displacements of the Koyna dam during seismic action in addition to crack damage propagation. The results declared that the meta models are 100% efficient in estimating the response of the structural system of the dam. The optimized values of the five factors were determined. The optimized minimum crest displacement was 1.372 m and the optimized minimum foundation displacement was 0.319 m, which approved the minimum optimality compared to the minimum model of the related outputs generated for the meta models. Consequently, the dam's stability and crack damage control were accomplished with high reliability by verifying the results with the adopted benchmark.