Coupling Dynamics of Resilience and Efficiency in Sustainable Tourism Economies: A Case Study of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration

This study investigates the coupling and coordination between resilience and efficiency in promoting the sustainable development of tourism economies, using the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration as a case study. The study employs an integrated approach combining the improved CRITIC-Entropy method, super-efficiency SBM model, and coupling coordination degree model to measure the coupling coordination degree between tourism economic resilience and efficiency, examining their spatiotemporal evolution. Further, a PVAR model is used to explore the bidirectional dynamic relationship between resilience and efficiency. The findings indicate that the coupling coordination between tourism economic resilience and efficiency in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration has evolved from a “coordination transition stage (2011–2012)” to a “coordination development stage (2013–2020)”, showing a trend towards positive coordination. Spatial analysis reveals significant regional differences, with Beijing and Tianjin having higher coupling coordination levels than Hebei Province, demonstrating the radiating effect of core cities, while the overall level within Hebei’s cities still needs improvement. The study confirms a positive interaction between tourism economic resilience and efficiency, with both exhibiting self-enhancing mechanisms. This research highlights the importance of balancing resilience and efficiency for sustainable tourism economic development. It offers valuable insights for policymakers and regional planners to enhance the adaptability and competitiveness of tourism economies in response to external shocks, contributing to the long-term sustainability of the industry.