Microneedles: Heterogeneous Intelligent Microsystems for Transdermal Monitoring and Correction of the Body’s State

The use of microneedles for discrete and continuous monitoring and correction of the body’s state is a progressive direction in personalized medicine. The desire to minimize the adverse effects of invasive diagnostic methods and increase the effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic interventions determines the intellectualization of microneedles, their designs, and technologies of use. Microneedles and their arrays are presented as complex functional microsystems, the creation of which is based on the use of microtechnology and nanotechnology processes, as well as heterogeneous organic–inorganic compositions.