Etiquette speech action ‘congratulation’ in Russian against the background of Persian language

<p><strong>The object</strong> of the article is to examine the speech act “congratulation” in Russian and Persian communicative behavior. <strong>Relevance</strong>. Congratulation is a polite etiquette speech act expressing benevolence towards the addressee and containing good wishes. The systemic components of this speech action are the performative verb congratulate, the indication of the reason for congratulation and the address. Optional components of this speech act are intensifiers and additional subjects on behalf of whom the congratulation is pronounced. Congratulations are divided into friendly and formal speech acts. <strong>Results</strong>. The results showed that the structural and semantic characteristics of utterances with the expression of congratulations in Russian and Persian communicative behavior generally coincide. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> It is shown that the difference is observed in congratulations related to religious holidays.</p>