EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RECENT ADVANCES IN CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes 80%-85% of all lung cancer cases. Epidemiological data reveal global variations in incidence, with rates increasing with age, higher prevalence in males, and a shift from squamous cell carcinoma to adenocarcinoma as the dominant subtype. Although the 5-year survival rate remains low, prognosis has shown gradual improvement. Advances in diagnostic technologies, including PET-CT and video-assisted biopsy techniques, have enhanced diagnostic precision. Current treatment strategies prioritize surgery-based multimodal regimens, complemented by personalized approaches. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies now offer novel therapeutic avenues for NSCLC patients.