Emerging Trends in the Use of Nutraceuticals for Improved Poultry Production

The rising demand for safe and high-quality poultry products has led to the exploration of nutraceuticals as viable alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). The term "nutraceutical," introduced by Dr. Stephen DeFelice in 1989, refers to bioactive compounds derived from food that offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition. The global nutraceutical market, valued at USD 291.33 billion in 2022, is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.4% (2023–2030), driven by consumer awareness and the need for antibiotic-free poultry production. Excessive antibiotic use in poultry farming has been linked to antimicrobial resistance, residue contamination, and environmental risks, posing threats to both animal and human health. In contrast, nutraceuticals—including probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, amino acids, antioxidants, fatty acids, and functional foods—support gut health, enhance immunity, improve feed efficiency, and help mitigate stress-related challenges in poultry. Unlike antibiotic growth promoters, nutraceuticals promote growth without disrupting the microbiota or contributing to resistance. This review, based on modern scientific research, examines the various types of nutraceuticals, their mechanisms of action, and their effects on poultry health, productivity, and food safety. Additionally, it highlights their role in ensuring sustainable poultry production while reducing dependence on antibiotics.