Challenges in the Adaptation of Biomass Energy in India: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach Using DEMATEL

As a rapidly developing nation, India faces an urgent need to diversify its energy portfolio to ensure long-term sustainability and energy security.Biomass energy, as a renewable and sustainable resource, has the potential to play a crucial role in achieving these objectives.Its integration into the national energy framework, however, is hindered by multiple challenges, including technological limitations, socio-economic constraints, and environmental concerns.Despite its advantages-such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting economic growth, managing waste, and preserving biodiversity-several barriers must be systematically analyzed to facilitate its widespread adoption.In this study, a structured approach is employed to identify and evaluate the key challenges associated with biomass energy adaptation in India.The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology is applied to determine the relative importance of these challenges, offering insights into the most critical criteria that require focused intervention.The findings of this study are expected to provide a strategic foundation for policymakers and stakeholders in formulating effective policies and technological solutions to enhance the viability of biomass energy in India's energy transition.