Effect of Weight Distribution on Knee Joint Temperature Pattern Under Fatigue Condition

Musculoskeletal diseases of the knee joint affect a large percentage of the population, particularly athletes at the competitive level where stress on the joints is higher. These conditions can be diagnosed and monitored using various imaging techniques, such as radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, digital infrared thermal imaging is gaining popularity for screening, diagnosis, and disease progression monitoring. This method measures the heat radiating from the superficial dermal microcirculation located 1–2 mm below the epidermal surface. Numerous pathological processes, such as inflammatory, metabolic, and toxic conditions, manifest as local changes in heat production, making infrared thermal imaging a valuable clinical tool. In the present study, the temperature of the knee area in 22 participants was monitored using an infrared camera while performing sit-to-stand cycles. The change in temperature correlated with weight distribution between the legs during exercise, measured using a Wii Balance Board. The results of this new trial protocol are promising and suggest that further investigations should be conducted with more patients. Infrared thermal imaging demonstrated consistency in repeated knee measurements and showed potential for evaluating the relationship between regional knee temperatures and pathological conditions. Its strengths lie in its simplicity, accuracy, non-invasive nature, radiation-free nature, and patient specificity, which can improve clinical management. In combination with other diagnostic techniques, thermography provides a comprehensive overview of patients’ clinical conditions.