Thermal and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Receiver for Solar Thermal Power Plant System

The purpose of this research is to analyses the thermal energy and the exergy efficiency of the focal point receiver in a solar power generation system. Heliostats are used as reflectors, directing sunlight towards the focal point receiver. The receiver transfers thermal energy to the first working medium, which is molten salt. Subsequently, the thermal energy from the molten salt is transferred to the second working medium, water. Once heated, the water boils and becomes steam, which can then drive a steam turbine to generate electricity. This research specifically analyses the thermal energy and assesses the exergy efficiency at the focal point receiver only, using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program to assist in calculations and to compare with past research. The thermal efficiency increases with higher Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) values, where DNI ranges from 100 to 300 W/m2, showing a rapid increase in thermal efficiency. Then, the thermal efficiency gradually increases as the DNI ranges from 300 to 700 W/m2, and remains nearly constant at levels above 700 W/m2. The exergy efficiency also increases rapidly as DNI values range from 100 to 400 W/m2, then it gradually increases when DNI values range from 300 to 700 W/m2, and remains nearly constant at levels above 700 W/m2.