Key competencies required for the professional activities of future specialists in the security and defense sector in extreme conditions

The article presents the results of a theoretical study on defining the concept and essence of extreme conditions in the professional activities of future specialists in the security and defense sector, analyzing their impact on professional training and the ability to work effectively and fulfill duties in crisis situations. The classification of extreme conditions in the context of professional activities of security and defense specialists is considered (natural and man-made factors; nature of threats; operating conditions; intensity and duration; level of training and skills; impact on health and physical condition). Data on the impact of extreme conditions on the physical and psychological state of future specialists are analyzed. The results are presented in the following directions: the impact of extreme conditions on the physical and psychological state of security and defense specialists based on survey data from respondents; health risks for security and defense specialists in extreme conditions; the influence of extreme conditions on the work efficiency of security and defense specialists. The requirements for the professional training of security and defense specialists for working in extreme conditions are studied. General recommendations are presented in the context of improving training programs for specialists who will perform duties in extreme conditions. The professional activities of future specialists in the security and defense sector in extreme conditions have a complex and multifaceted structure, requiring not only high physical and technical skills but also the ability to act effectively in heightened stress and life-risking situations. Therefore, comprehensive training is essential, combining all aspects of preparedness, such as physical, tactical, and psychological, as well as constant optimization of training programs, taking into account the latest security technologies.