A Relational Approach to Coalitions: Pragmatic and Communal Interracial Coalitions

ABSTRACT The United States is a diverse, multiethnic country, where there are many examples of different racial and ethnic minority groups working together for myriad causes. What predicts the emergence, maintenance, and dissolution of interracial coalitions? Ample research establishes perceptions of shared interest as crucial to coalition‐relevant outcomes, yet this work often takes a unidirectional approach—assessing perceptions of how one's ingroup relates to an outgroup, or how outgroups are perceived to relate to the ingroup. By contrast, this review takes a relational approach—considering how groups assess the bidirectional relationship with one another to effectively coordinate towards shared goals. Drawing from the interpersonal relations literature, we posit that interracial coalitions can be pragmatic or communal based on relational norms. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the novel framework and recommendations for individuals seeking interracial support.