Morphometric indices of thickness of artificial vagina created from colon

According to the World Health Organization, congenital defects of female genital organs are more common in families and countries with limited resources. About 94 % of severe developmental disorders occur in low- and middle-income countries, where women often face malnutrition and limited access to quality health care. The aim of the study was to determine the morphometric parameters of the thickness of an artificial vagina created from the colon. Patients who were hospitalized and treated in gynecology for malformations of the genital organs in the period from 2019 to 2023 were considered. For a retrospective analysis, 202 patients (including 36 controls) who were treated for vaginal anomalies and malformations of the genital organs were analyzed; 146 of them underwent histological examination, and 56 – cytological (aged 18 to 40 years). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the Microsoft Office Excel-2010 software package. When studying morphometric parameters, an increase in the area, volume and surface of goblet cells was established within 1-3 years, which indicates that their activity is at a high level. However, after 4-10 years, the cell parameters sharply decreased, which indicates a weakening of the adaptation process and tissue degradation. In addition, we studied the condition and density of the glands in 1 mm2 of the mucous membrane in different periods of observation. Thus, over 1-3 years of observation, an increase in the density by 0.91 times, the height by 0.89 times and the diameter of the glands by 0.92 times was noted compared to the control, which indicates the activity of the adaptation process. After 1-3 years of observation, an increase in the density and diameter of the glands by 0.70 times, and the height by 0.68 times compared to the control was noted. These indicators indicate hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the glands. After 4-10 years a significant decrease in all indicators with subsequent degradation and functional disorders was detected. The density of the glands decreased by 1.14 times, the height by 1.49 times and the diameter of the glands by 1.31 times compared to the control, which is a sign of long-term chronic changes and a decrease in the adaptation process leading to atrophic changes in the mucous membrane of the neovagina.