Evaluation of the Contribution to Carbon Neutrality from the Introduction of Hydrogen Trains by Hydrogen Production Methods

This study assesses the contribution to carbon neutrality by replacing diesel trains with hydrogen trains under different scenarios, considering hydrogen production methods, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction policies, and technological advancements. Contribution to carbon neutrality was highest at 99% when green hydrogen was used as the hydrogen production. In the scenario reflecting carbon neutrality policies in the transportation sector, the contribution to carbon neutrality reached its highest level at 99.31% when the green hydrogen production method was applied, compared to the nationally determined contribution (NDC). These findings highlight that the simultaneous expansion of railway infrastructure, increased electrification, and the transition to hydrogen fuel significantly enhance the feasibility of achieving the 2050 net-zero goal. Thus, this study provides fundamental data that can be used in policy and decision-making, not only for replacing diesel trains but also for expanding the role of hydrogen trains in the transition of transportation technology to achieve GHG emissions reduction goals in the transportation sector.