Application of biomechanical analysis based on IoT and deep learning in college basketball education

With the continuous progress of sports science, the application of biomechanics in sports training has become an important tool to enhance sports performance and prevent sports injuries. Basketball, as a collective and confrontational sport, involves a large number of complex technical movements, such as shooting, dribbling, and jumping, which require precise mechanical regulation. The study of biomechanics can provide theoretical support for basketball teaching in colleges and universities, help optimize athletes’ technical movements, enhance training effects, and reduce sports injuries. Biomechanics is based on mechanical principles such as Newton’s laws of motion, kinematics, and dynamics, which can be effectively applied to basketball technical movements. For instance, in shooting, the motion can be divided into preparation, force application, release, and follow-through phases. Newton’s Second Law (F = ma) explains how the applied force influences the acceleration of the ball, while projectile motion principles determine the optimal angle and velocity for achieving maximum shooting accuracy. The Magnus effect also plays a role in guiding spin-based shooting techniques, affecting ball trajectory and stability. In dribbling, biomechanical analysis involves understanding how impulse (Impulse = Force × Time) affects ball control. By adjusting wrist force and contact time with the ball, players can improve dribbling efficiency and control under defensive pressure. Additionally, energy transfer and ground reaction forces are critical in jumping mechanics. Using the principles of conservation of momentum and the stretch-shortening cycle, athletes can maximize jump height and power through optimized force application and body positioning. This paper explores the application of biomechanics in college basketball teaching through experimental research. The experimental subjects are college basketball players, and biomechanical analysis of basketball technical movements (shooting, dribbling, jumping, etc.) is conducted using high-precision equipment such as motion capture systems and force platforms. The study collects physical data, mechanical characteristics, and sports performance data of the athletes during the execution of basketball technical movements, analyzing them in combination with biomechanical principles. This approach provides an in-depth understanding of movement efficiency and technique optimization. The results of the study show that training programs optimized through biomechanical analysis can significantly improve athletes’ technical performance. In shooting, dribbling speed, and jumping height, the experimental group demonstrated superior results compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences. Specifically, the shooting percentage of athletes in the experimental group increased by 6.3%, the dribbling speed improved by 9.6%, and the jumping height increased by 10.4%. These improvements confirm that the application of biomechanics in basketball teaching not only enhances performance but also reduces the risk of sports injuries by refining movement mechanics and optimizing force distribution. By integrating biomechanics into basketball training, educators and coaches can develop more scientifically grounded training methodologies, improving player efficiency while ensuring long-term physical well-being. This study highlights the necessity of incorporating mechanical principles in skill development, reinforcing the role of biomechanics in advancing sports education and training strategies.