State of Household Solid Waste Management in the Lukunga Health District: Challenges, Weaknesses and Opportunities

Solid household waste management in Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has become a significant problem due to its health, environmental, and economic impacts. The city generates several tons of waste daily, far beyond its management capacity. This study in Lukunga Health district aimed to define relevant, albeit local, strategies to improve waste management. A quantitative survey was conducted among 384 households. Socio-economic and geographical criteria were used for participant selection, and data were collected through a questionnaire. Data analysis revealed that the most common waste management method is uncontrolled dumping (62.2%) of cases. Reuse is practiced by 22.1%. Other challenges include lack or insufficiency of treatment infrastructure (16.4%) and inefficiency of municipal waste management services (15.4%). Statistics show that on average, 0.64 kg per person and 3.60 kg per household of waste are produced daily. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that raising awareness and educating the population, followed by strengthening sanctions against illegal dumping, are perceived as priorities for improving waste management. The results reveal poor waste management, exacerbated by socio-economic and infrastructural reasons. To reverse these trends, we must provide environmental education. To address these challenges, the study proposes a comprehensive solution based on awareness-raising and community engagement.