Application of photogrammetry for creating replicas in historical buildings

During using immovable monuments, which are very often religious objects, it is often necessary to create a copy of the original element inside the object, including a movable monument. The creation of a faithful usable copy, regardless of the reasons for the need to make it, requires the use of a technique that allows the creation of the replica itself. The key requirements for the technique of creating replicas of movable monuments are the speed of their production, high quality and low cost of implementation. Another important issue is the universality of the method itself, as well as its availability and ease of its application. These requirements are met by the photogrammetry technique, which, in combination with 3D printing, allows for the creation of faithful replicas of movable monuments, including those that are equipment of religious objects, in a short time. The article is a case study in which the application of the photogrammetry technique to create a faithful copy of a religious sculpture is described and presented. The paper discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of the photogrammetric technique, and determines important parameters that enable the creation of a spatial 3D print based on the reconstruction of a group of standard two-dimensional photographs.