A Coordinated Planning Approach for Network, Short‐, and Long‐Term Energy Storage in High‐Renewable Penetration Systems

The increasing penetration of diverse renewable energy sources necessitates the incorporation of various energy storage devices (ESDs) into power systems as an important type of flexible resources. This article presents a coordinated planning model for network, short‐term, and long‐term ESDs, considering their different characteristics and operating strategies. The short‐term ESDs are primarily utilized for electricity shifting within daily cycles, while the long‐term ESDs are employed to manage seasonal variability in electricity demand. To better illustrate the advantages of different ESDs, this article not only considers the minute‐level fluctuations but also maintains the sequential nature of the data over the course of a year. This inevitably increases the complexity of solving the model. To address this challenge, the sequential hierarchical clustering method is introduced. This clustering method merges data based on similarities between continuous operation periods and reduces its computational complexity. Finally, numerical results conducted on a modified IEEE‐24 test system show that, compared with the planning method that solely incorporates long‐term ESDs, renewable energy curtailment is reduced by 2.55% and load shedding decreases by 0.91%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.