Failure‐Based Sizing and Energy Management for Hybrid Propulsion Regional Aircraft

ABSTRACT Sizing and energy management strategy (EMS) for a hybrid electric propulsion system (HEPS), taking into account failures, are challenging areas, especially for regional aircraft. In this paper, a failure‐based sizing method and a resilient switching‐fuzzy logic control (RSFLC) for a regional hybrid aircraft concept named AFT‐ATR42 are presented. For this purpose, the sizing procedure for the HEPS components under the failures of either the all‐turbine or the battery pack, which is equivalent to one engine inoperative (OEI) condition in fossil fuel aircraft, has been formulated. The reference battery state of charge (SOC) trajectory has then been determined based on the HEPS simulation during the flight mission. In addition, using the data generated by a combined rule‐based regulator and optimal EMS, an RSFLC is tuned by the genetic algorithm that is able to satisfy the reference SOC trajectory. Moreover, model‐in‐the‐loop results are provided to show the satisfaction of HEPS operating constraints. Furthermore, by comparing the performance of the hybrid AFT‐ATR42 and conventional aircraft, the effectiveness of the proposed RSFLC for reducing fuel consumption and emissions has been demonstrated. Finally, using the hardware‐in‐the‐loop testing, the suitable and resilient operation of the RSFLC in real‐world conditions has been confirmed.