Fruits, vegetables, Opor and Rendang consumption, and physical activity among Indonesian muslims during Eid Al-Fitr: a cross-sectional online survey study

Following Ramadhan fasting, Muslims celebrate Eid Al-Fitr, marked by abundance of traditional and convenience foods. This celebration often results in changes to food intake and physical activity patterns. This study aimed to analyze food consumption frequency and physical activity among Indonesian Muslims during Eid Al-Fitr. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 533 participants, aged 18–65, between the 5th and 7th day after Eid. Data on sociodemographic factors (e.g., gender, age, education, income), food consumption (e.g., fruits, vegetables, Opor, Rendang, cakes, sweetened beverages), and physical activity levels were collected. The study also explored barriers to fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity. The results showed that most participants were female (70.5%), aged 18–35 years (78.2%), from Java Island (63.5%), with at least a bachelor’s degree (62.3%), and a monthly income above Rp. 3,500,000 (~ US$221). A high percentage reported low-frequency consumption of fruits (68.1%) and vegetables (52.3%). Opor and Rendang were consumed ≥ 2 times/day by only 36.4% and 30.2% of participants, respectively, while 59.7% consumed cakes ≥ 2 times/day. The primary barrier to consuming fruits and vegetables was availability. Moreover, more than half of respondents (56.5%) reported low physical activity, mainly due to lack of awareness. Gender, age, education, and region significantly influenced food choices and physical activity. In conclusion, promoting the availability of fruit and vegetable during Eid Al-Fitr could reduce reliance on energy-dense foods.