Association between Sex hormone-binding Globulin Levels and Thyroid Function in Bladder Cancer

Previous research has associated thyroid hormones with cancer development and progression, highlighting their role in synthesizing sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), which is implicated in cancer growth.However, the specific influence of these hormones and proteins on bladder cancer remains unexplored.This study aims to investigate potential correlations between free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), SHBG, and bladder cancer in Jordanian patients diagnosed with this malignancy.A cohort of 30 bladder cancer patients and 30 matched controls were recruited.Serum levels of fT3, fT4, TSH, TBG, and SHBG were measured using ELISA.Elevated concentrations of fT3 (4.64 0.16 pmol/L), fT4 (14.86 0.37 pmol/L), and SHBG (1227 102.2 nmol/L) were observed in patients compared to healthy individuals (p = 0.006, p = 0.002, and p < 0.0001, respectively).However, TSH (1.47 0.15 mIU/L) and TBG (4.3 0.64 mg/L) levels showed no significant differences (p = 0.319, p = 0.455, respectively) between the groups.This study confirms a link between higher serum levels of fT3, fT4, and SHBG and the presence of bladder cancer, suggesting these elevated levels may indicate an increased risk.SHBG, in particular, stands out as a potential biomarker for predicting susceptibility to bladder cancer, warranting further investigation.