Successful experience of venetoclax in the treatment of refractory primary plasma cell leukemia

Plasma cell leukemia is a rare, aggressive disease characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells, having many features of both plasma cell neoplasms and acute leukemia. despite significant changes in therapeutic approaches, the prognosis for this disease remains unfavorable. The article describes a case of primary plasma cell leukemia in a 62‑year‑old patient who did not respond to the VCD induction program (bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone). Given the presence of t(11;14), a highly selective Bcl‑2 inhibitor, venetoclax, was included in the therapy regimen (ven‑vd regimen). After 3 cycles of venetoclax‑based induction, a very good partial remission was achieved. Then high‑dose MEL200 chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 2 cycles of ven‑vd consolidation were implemented, achieving a complete response. MRD‑ negativity (10–5) was confirmed by flow cytometry on bone marrow aspirate at 2 time points. The remission duration at the time of publication was 24 months. The patient continues to receive maintenance therapy with lenalidomide.