Breaking the Cycle: The Role of Family Communication in Preventing Diabetes Mellitus Across Generations in Indonesia

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a major global health concern, with familial risk playing a crucial role in its prevention and management. This study examines how family communication shapes diabetes risk perception and preventive behaviors, highlighting the bottom-up flow of health information from children to parents. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with families in Surakarta, Indonesia, revealing two primary communication patterns: anxious and responsive. Anxious families avoid discussions about diabetes due to fear, stigma, or emotional distress, leading to low engagement in preventive actions. In contrast, responsive families embrace open discussions, resulting in higher awareness and proactive health behaviors. Younger family members, particularly those with access to digital health resources, act as key facilitators of diabetes knowledge, translating complex medical information into practical strategies for their parents. However, the effectiveness of these discussions depends on parental receptiveness and the family's willingness to engage in structured health conversations. The findings also show that exposure to health information alone does not guarantee action, as some individuals exhibit information avoidance due to anxiety or a belief in the inevitability of diabetes. This study underscores the importance of strengthening family communication skills to enhance diabetes prevention efforts across generations. Encouraging non-intimidating, constructive health discussions within families may bridge the gap between awareness and preventive action, ultimately fostering long-term, sustainable diabetes management at the household level.