A Review: Economic Evaluation of Seismic Retrofitting

Seismic retrofitting is a critical strategy for enhancing the resilience and safety of structures, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. Various retrofitting techniques, including fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) applications, energy dissipation devices, shear walls, and steel bracing, have been explored for their effectiveness in improving structural performance. This study reviews the existing literature on seismic retrofitting, highlighting the role of financial incentives, market strategies, and regulatory frameworks in promoting retrofitting practices. The effectiveness of FRP materials in retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry structures is particularly emphasized due to their ease of application, costeffectiveness, and superior strength-to-weight ratio. Standardized evaluation methods and seismic resistance guidelines remain crucial for ensuring reliable and efficient retrofitting practices. While retrofitting offers a viable alternative to demolition and reconstruction, further research is needed to refine cost-effective solutions and develop comprehensive seismic evaluation frameworks. The increasing adoption of innovative retrofitting technologies suggests a promising future for enhancing seismic resilience in modern construction practices.