The evolution and configuration mechanism of spatial correlation network in China's innovation ecosystem

Clarifying the spatial correlation network of the innovation ecosystem is essential for promoting balanced regional economic development and social prosperity. Based on data from 31 Chinese provinces between 2017 and 2022, this study employs methods such as game-theory-based combined weighting, the modified gravitational model, social network analysis, and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to reveal the structural characteristics, evolutionary process, and configurational mechanism of China's innovation ecosystem. Key findings include: (1)Temporal Evolution: The development level of China's innovation ecosystem has significantly improved, with connections within the spatial correlation network emerging and strengthening over time. Jiangsu is identified as the most influential province. (2)Spatial Correlation: Eastern coastal provinces like Jiangsu, Shandong, and Zhejiang exhibit the strongest spatial correlations. In contrast, remote provinces such as Heilongjiang, Ningxia, and Hainan remain at the periphery, resulting in an "east strong, west weak" trend. (3)Regional Clusters: The regions are divided into two-way spillover clusters: one mainly composed of eastern and central provinces, and another consisting of North China provinces. These clusters show close internal exchange activities. (4)Influencing Factors: Geographical proximity, differences in innovation achievements, and enterprise vitality significantly impact the formation of the spatial correlation network. (5)Development Paths: The development paths of the innovation ecosystem can be categorized into a comprehensive-driven type "enterprise innovation vitality - innovation achievements - international resources" and a talent-driven type "enterprise innovation vitality - higher education". This study provides valuable insights into the structure, evolution, and influencing factors of China's innovation ecosystem, offering references for enhancing regional innovation capabilities and promoting balanced economic development.