Clinical Characteristics Analysis of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in 145 Children of Different Age Groups

To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in children of different age groups, we aim to provide important information for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease. Clinical data of 145 pediatric cases of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) from Xi'an Children's Hospital between 2019 and 2021 were collected through a cross-sectional survey. The three-dimensional distribution of HFRS in children was described, and the clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators of HFRS across different age groups were analyzed. Of the 145 children, 105 (72.4%) were males and 40 (27.5%) were females, with a mean age of (9.17±3.69) years. The cases were mainly concentrated in rural and suburban areas (85.5%). It peaked in winter. The main symptoms of 145 children were fever (144 cases, 99.3%), congestion (91 cases, 62.8%), bleeding (89 cases, 61.4%), and abdominal pain (89 cases, 61.4%). The 145 children were divided into four groups according to age: <5 years, 5-9 years, 9-12 years, and >12 years. Some of the typical clinical symptoms such as petechial hemorrhage, hemorrhagic shock, oliguria, orbital pain, and electrolyte disorders were more typical between the ages of 9-12 years than the other age groups (P < 0.05). Some blood indices such as ALT, BUN, PCT, ALB, PLT, Hb, Na, Ca were more typical between 9-12 years of age than other age groups (P < 0.05).The clinical manifestations of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in children are often atypical, predominantly affecting school-age boys, with peaks in November and December. During high-incidence seasons or in endemic areas, healthcare providers maintain heightened vigilance for children presenting with liver and kidney function abnormalities or electrolyte imbalances, promptly conducting comprehensive relevant tests to avoid missed or misdiagnoses.