Assessing the Feasibility of a Grid-Tied Smart Hybrid Power System through Optimal Sizing under Various Weather Conditions

The integration of hybrid renewable power systems (HRPSs) offers a viable solution to ensure access to green, most reliable, and cost-effective energy sources, aligning with the objectives of sustainable development. An empirical case study is presented, involving a grid-tied HRPS for various climatic areas in Egypt, to assess the effectiveness of the hybrid system under various weather conditions. This work introduces two optimizers for determining the appropriate design of a grid-tied HRPS that incorporates photovoltaic (PV) modules, wind turbines (WTs), and battery banks (BBs). The major goal of this work is to implement smart strategies for managing the energy interchange between the HRPS and utility grid, to achieve design objectives. This research article provides a fair comparison of two optimizers, namely atom search optimization (ASO) and zebra optimization algorithm (ZOA), offering an in-depth evaluation of their performance and effectiveness. A mathematical model of the entire system is presented in this study, and it is simulated by MATLAB software. The simulation outcomes confirm the superior performance of the ZOA algorithm over the other optimizer, demonstrating its potential to deliver promising solutions. According to the results, installing the proposed hybrid system in the New Alamein region instead of the other site would save costs and reduce carbon emissions.