A coordinated passenger flow control model for urban rail transit considering willingness to board

Effective control of passenger flow is essential for optimizing train capacity utilization in urban rail transit systems, enhancing operational efficiency and service quality. Passenger travel demand patterns and platform preferences significantly influence train capacity utilization, as passengers often exhibit preferences for specific trains, reflecting their willingness to board. This paper proposes a coordinated passenger flow control model that incorporates passengers’ willingness to board, further improving travel efficiency and fairness. The model applies the First-Come-First-In (FCFI) rule to represent passenger demand within flow control strategies and introduces a mechanism that permits the limited left-behind passenger volume to prevent trip abandonment caused by restrictive controls.