Assessment of the Maxillary Sinus Dimensions and Volume in Different Skeletal Malocclusion Classes: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: We aimed to determine the volume and dimensions of the maxillary sinus in various skeletal malocclusion classes. Methods: The present research investigated cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 48 individuals. Axial, coronal, and sagittal CBCT images of the left and right maxillary sinuses have been measured. The ANB angle was used to evaluate skeletal malocclusion. Measurements were made on the slices where the maxillary sinus had the largest height, width, and depth. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression using Python. Results: Logistic regression for the comparison of class I vs. class II showed excellent model fit (pseudo- R square = 0.81). Higher values of depth ( P = 0.009, odds ratio = 12.91) and volume ( P = 0.005, odds ratio = 55.68) became significantly associated with the odds of class II malocclusion. The model for the comparison of class I vs. class III showed a weak model fit (pseudo- R square = 0.06). Lower volume ( P = 0.040, odds ratio = 0.5) was significantly associated with the odds of class III malocclusion. Conclusion: Higher values of both depth and volume of maxillary sinus were associated with the odds of class II malocclusion.