Research on Sustainable Tourism Development based on Multi-Objective Planning Models

This paper focuses on sustainable tourism development, takes Juneau as the research object, constructs relevant models and carries out in-depth analyses. We collect data on the number of tourists, tourism revenue and carbon emissions in Juneau from 2009 to 2023, clarify the trend of each factor through data visualisation, and analyse the relationship between tourism tax, the number of tourists and maintenance costs. Two objective functions are set up to maximise the net profit of tourism and minimise the carbon emission, in which the net profit involves the calculation of total revenue and total cost, and the total cost is related to the number of tourists, tourism tax and other factors; the carbon emission is affected by the number of tourists and the maintenance cost, and the correlation coefficients are solved by fitting the data. A multi-objective planning model is constructed and then converted into a single-objective optimisation model to simplify the solution, determine the upper limit of carbon emissions, and then obtain the optimal solution. The model is applied to Lijiang Old Town in China, and after data calculation, model optimisation, and visual comparison of the results before and after optimisation, it is found that reasonable adjustment of the tax rate and optimisation strategy can enhance the net income and balance the number of tourists and environmental impacts. The research results provide an important reference for tourism policy making and help promote the sustainable development of tourism.