Possibility of forecasting the severe preeclampsia development

Preeclampsia, especially its severe forms, remains one of the leading causes of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The existing prediction and prevention algorithms help to reduce early forms, but do not affect the development of late forms, as well as severe preeclampsia, which significantly increases the risk of complications of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period for the mother, fetus and newborn. The purpose — to assess the possibility of predicting severe preeclampsia in the presence of potential risk factors during gestation. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the birth histories of patients whose pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia of varying severity was carried out based on the archive materials of the St. Petersburg State Healthcare Institution «Maternity Hospital No. 13» for 2019–2023. Results. The incidence of preeclampsia slightly decreased in dynamics over the period from 2019 to 2023 by 1.1 times; the incidence of severe forms of preeclampsia does not tend to decrease and is approximately 1.1% of the total number of births. Significant risk factors in the development of severe forms of preeclampsia are repeated births, obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and urinary tract infection. Conclusion. The presence of risk factors such as birth parity, obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, and urinary tract infection are significant risk factors for the development of severe preeclampsia.