Gender-specific impacts of road accessibility on rural development

This study examines the impact of road accessibility on socio-economic and infrastructure outcomes in rural areas, with a focus on gender-specific effects. Using data from Oaxaca, Mexico from the 2010 and 2020 censuses and the CONEVAL Accessibility Index, which combines geographic proximity and social factors, the research identifies significant correlations between improved road access and reductions in unemployment, particularly among women, as well as increases in educational attainment. Specifically, a 1.7 % decrease in unemployment and a 0.21-year increase in average schooling were observed per unit increase in accessibility. These findings highlight the critical role of road infrastructure in addressing gender-specific barriers to employment and education in rural contexts. By applying a novel methodological approach, this study contributes to development studies and transport geography scholarship, offering valuable insights for policymakers aiming to promote inclusive and sustainable development in underserved regions.