Therapeutic potential of Phoenix dactylifera pulp and seed extracts in mitigating oxidative stress and organ dysfunction in testosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with metabolic disorders, infertility and chronic diseases. Dietary nutrients playing vital role, Ajwa dates ( Phoenix Dactylifera ) known for exceptional nutritional and therapeutic properties, were tested as an alternative to polypharmacy. The aim was to explore the potential reversibility of oxidative stress and mitigate the kidney and liver damage associated with PCOS. PCOS was induced through testosterone enanthate (1.0 mg/100 g/BW) injection for 35-days. Ajwa whole date and seed extracts (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kgBW) administered for 28 days, alongside metformin (250 mg/kgBW). Phytochemical profiling was conducted using HPLC and FTIR techniques. The results, revealing the effects of treatments, exposure duration, and their interactions in groups treated with metformin and Ajwa dates. Their treatment showed significant improvements ( p < 0 0.001) in hormonal profile, liver and kidney function and oxidative stress markers compared to PCOS group. These finding highlight Ajwa dates potential as natural therapeutic option for managing PCOS and associated complications. • Ajwa date extracts alleviate oxidative stress in testosterone-induced PCOS. • Ajwa dates improve hormonal balance, reducing testosterone and LH levels in mice. • Enhanced liver and kidney function observed after Ajwa date extract treatment. • High phenolic and flavonoid content contributes to Ajwa dates' therapeutic effects. • Ajwa extracts offer a natural alternative to metformin for PCOS management.