Dynamics of quality and results of monitoring the content of petroleum products in the rivers of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia)

The aim of the study is to assess the current state and dynamics of water quality in rivers of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug over a long period. Particular attention is paid to the increased content of petroleum products in rivers' waters. The problems of pollution of water in the region associated with technogenic factors are presented in detail. The main sources of surface water pollution with petroleum products are considered. The ongoing active industrial development of hydrocarbon reserves in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a determining economic factor in the region, and, in turn, determines the need to control changes in the ecological state of the environment. This paper describes the factors that influence the chemical composition of surface waters. The formation of the quality of waters of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the proximity of the cold Kara Sea and the presence of permafrost, as well as increasing anthropogenic influence, is considered. An analysis of long-term hydrochemical information from the state observation network of Roshydromet has been carried out, allowing to assess changes in the content of petroleum products in the surface waters of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug for the period 2014-2023. The spatiotemporal changes in the content of petroleum products in the water of the Ob, Pur, Taz, and Nadym river basins in 2014-2023 are considered. Analysis of the dynamics of the content of petroleum products in the water of the river basins of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug over a long-term plan revealed multidirectional levels of water pollution. Increased concentrations of petroleum products in river water are due to both physical-geographical, hydrological and climatic processes, as well as an increase in the level of technogenic impact of oil and gas production complexes.