Fusion Grad-CAM: A Methodology for Generating Unified Attention Maps in Majority Voting Classifiers
In this work, we introduce a novel methodology called Fusion Grad-CAM for generating attention maps in ensemble classification systems that utilize majority voting. Currently, there is no established technique for producing a consolidated attention map in such systems. Traditional approaches require inspecting individual attention maps from each contributing model, which is inefficient. Our proposed method integrates Grad-CAM produced attention maps by averaging or weighted averaging them based on both the predicted class and the confidence level of each model’s decision. This approach offers a holistic representation of the ensemble’s decision-making process. We validate our methodology using various combinations of well-known convolutional neural networks (CNNs) pretrained on ImageNet, demonstrating the effectiveness and clarity of the resulting attention maps.
Authors
- Vasileios Argyriou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4679-8049)
- Konstantinos Diamantaras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1373-4022)
- Nikolaos Ntampakis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7546-4104)
- Panagiotis Sarigianndis
Institutions
- International Hellenic University (GR)
- Kingston University London (GB)
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-01-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1109/ipas63548.2025.10924480
- Primary Topic
- Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme