Coordinated Energy Management of Smart Grid Powered by Hybrid Renewable Power Sources at Various Locations

The contemporary world is witnessing a growing popularity of renewable energy sources, attributed to their innovative features. Relying exclusively on a single renewable energy source is insufficient for creating a reliable energy management system for consumers. It is essential to combine various systems to develop a smart grid that incorporates an efficient energy management approach (EMA). This research paper discusses the development of a comprehensive EMA designed for a 1MW smart grid. The system consists of three wind power plants (WPPs) and three solar power plants (SPPs), all connected to a central battery bank unit. The battery EMA is crucial for the effective operation of the entire setup as a smart grid, owing to its meticulously designed controllers. In order to achieve an equitable distribution of loads and generation units, we have implemented a ring-configuration distribution system complemented by a centralized battery EMA. The loads within this system have been deliberately chosen to exhibit characteristics of being unbalanced, nonlinear, and reactive, thereby simulating real-world conditions. In order to ensure satisfactory power quality, we have established a common control of inverter based on FOPID controllers, which is linked to the battery. This control of inverter fulfills various functions, such as compensating for reactive power, filtering active power, regulating voltage in the presence of unbalanced loads, and ensuring a balance between power generation and consumption. We have carried out comprehensive Hardware-in-Loop setup to present various results.