Knowledge, attitude and practices towards loiasis in some rural communities of Okigwe area, South-East Nigeria

This research was carried out between January and June 2022 to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices in some rural areas of Okigwe. A community-based survey was carried out, a systematic door-to-door investigations were employed while the participants were randomly selected. Data were obtained using in-depth interviews, participant observation techniques as well as pretested questionnaires. High biting rate of Chrysop was recorded as well as high loasis prevalence. Knowledge of the disease was based mainly on recognition of clinical manifestations. A total of 200 participants were recruited. Eight percent of the participants understood that L. loa is a parasitic worm. Twenty one percent of the participants revealed that the transmission of L. loa was by Chrysops. The clinical symptoms attributed to loiasis were itching (42%), eye worm migration (21%) and Transient vision loss (12.5%). Traditional healer and herbal medicine were reported most often as an available treatment option (57.2%). Using insect repellents, use of mosquito coil, wearing long sleeved and use of nets were the most widely preventive measures obtained in the study area. Prevention practices, such as the use of insects’ repellents, protective clothing, and bed nets can be inconsistent in area where loiasis is endemic. Communities with limited access to health care and resources may have challenges in getting timely diagnosis and treatment for loiasis cases. Improving knowledge, fostering positive attitudes and promoting consistent preventive practices are essential for effective control and management of loiasis in the study area.