Pharmacological Mechanisms and Research Status of Polygonum Multiflorum in the Treatment of Insomnia

Insomnia is a common neurological disorder in clinical practice, which can be caused by physiological, psychological, environmental factors, mental illnesses, and physical diseases, significantly impacting people's daily lives. Based on the medication rules of ancient physicians in treating insomnia, it has been found that insufficient heart blood is a key pathogenesis of insomnia. Polygonum multiflorum, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, has the functions of nourishing blood, calming the mind, dispelling wind, and unblocking collaterals. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed that the main components of Polygonum multiflorum include anthraquinones such as emodin, flavonoids such as luteolin xyloside, and stilbene glycosides such as 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside. Additionally, Polygonum multiflorum has anti-chronic inflammatory, antioxidant, and neurotransmitter regulatory effects. In summary, Polygonum multiflorum shows great potential in the treatment of insomnia. This article summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms of Polygonum multiflorum in treating insomnia, providing scientific insights for its clinical application.