Occupational Health Hazards and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) among Plastic Recycling Workers in Bangladesh

Background: Plastic recycling is a crucial component of waste management in Bangladesh. However, workers in this industry face significant occupational health risks owing to exposure to toxic substances and hazardous working conditions. The inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) further exacerbates these risks, increasing the likelihood of respiratory, musculoskeletal, and dermatological health issues. This study evaluated the occupational health hazards and PPE usage among plastic recycling workers in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2024 in Matuail, Shonir Akhra, Jatrabari, and Pallabi, which are among the most prominent plastic recycling areas in Dhaka city. According to the selection criteria, 131 workers directly involved in plastic waste recycling were selected as respondents. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: Musculoskeletal disorders were the most commonly reported health issues, followed by back pain (47.3%) and shoulder pain (29.8%). Respiratory problems, including chronic cough (19.1 %) and breathing difficulty (14.5 %), were frequently reported. Skin conditions, such as itchy skin (19.8 %) and rashes (13.7 %), were also observed. Although 74.0% of workers reported using PPE, the use of essential protective items, such as gloves (33.6%) and safety glasses (25.2%), remained low. Conclusion: Plastic recycling workers in Bangladesh face substantial occupational health risks, and limited PPE usage contributes to adverse health outcomes. Strengthening occupational health policies, enforcing personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance, and improving workplace safety practices are essential to mitigate these risks.