Bronchoscopic-Guided Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy: A Single-Center Experience

Introduction Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is a common procedure in intensive care units (ICUs) for patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of PDT under fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance, comparing early versus late tracheostomy timing. Materials and Methods This retrospective study analyzed 57 patients who underwent PDT with fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance. Patient demographics, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, APACHE II scores, duration of mechanical ventilation, and complications were assessed. Results Of the 57 patients, 29.8% underwent early tracheostomy, and 70.2% underwent late tracheostomy. No significant differences were found in terms of age, gender, or GCS and APACHE II scores between the two groups. No significant differences in ICU length of stay, mortality, or weaning from ventilator were observed between the groups. The incidence of minor complications were similar between the two groups. Conclusion The study found no significant difference in clinical outcomes between early and late tracheostomy groups. While bronchoscopy enhanced procedural safety, it did not impact complication rates significantly. The timing of PDT should be individualized based on clinical judgment and patient condition. Tracheostomy timing should be tailored to each patient’s condition, and larger studies are needed to define optimal timing guidelines.