Optimal Beamforming for Multi‐Functional Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Powering Systems

ABSTRACT This letter investigates the beamforming design for an emerging integrated sensing, communication, and powering (ISACP) system, where a multi‐functional transmitter handles sensing, data communication, and power transfer tasks. Our goal is to minimize the sensing matching error, subject to communication, energy harvesting, and transmit power constraints, by jointly optimizing transmit beamforming vectors, radar covariance, and receive power splitting ratios. Although the original problem is non‐convex, we utilize the semi‐definite relaxation approach to achieve a globally optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.