The effect of elevation gradient on cytogenetic characteristics of Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae)

We aimed to study the effect of elevation gradient on the cytogenetic characteristics of Plantago major L. We determined the mitotic index, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and chromosome numbers in the cells of the apical root meristem of the seed progeny of plants inhabit altitudes of 200, 600, 2000 and 2700 m above sea level. The frequency of chromosomal aberrations increased at altitudes more than 2000 m above sea level, which indicates the presence of a genetic effect. There was no similar increase in the frequency of micronuclei in interphase cells. There were no trends in cell proliferation (mitotic index) and the ratio of mitosis phases in accordance with the elevation gradient. Plants from populations inhabit different altitudes are diploids. No changes in chromosome numbers along the altitude gradient were detected.