A rare complication of acute pancreatitis after bronchial artery embolization for refractory and massive hemoptysis: A case report and literature r eview

We present a case of acute pancreatitis following the transarterial embolization (TAE) procedure for bronchial artery hemoptysis. A 57-year-old Taiwanese male patient with polycystic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, coronary artery disease, and bronchiectasis presented with refractory and massive hemoptysis. Initially, an angiography was performed, revealing an arteriovenous fistula in the right bronchial artery followed by TAE. Hemoptysis resolved after the procedure without any complications. Two months post-procedure, the patient experienced refractory and massive hemoptysis, which necessitated a secondary angiography and embolization of the right bronchial artery. Acute epigastric pain developed 10 h after the procedure, and acute pancreatitis was diagnosed after excluding other possible causes. The pancreatitis improved with conservative treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of acute pancreatitis as a potential complication of bronchial artery embolization. The management is similar to that of patients with acute pancreatitis caused by other etiologies.