Techno Assessment of Distribution System with Integration of Different Types of Distributed Generators

The distribution system's use of decentralized energy resources has lately risen to satisfy electricity demand. However, when these sources are properly integrated, they lead to positive outcomes such as reduced power loss <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(\mathrm{P}_{\text{Loss}})$</tex>, improved voltage profile, and reduced operational expenses. The aim of this paper is to decrease <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\text{Loss}}$</tex> by considering the power factor, active power, and reactive power of distributed generators (DGs). The optimal locations of DGs can be determined using the Voltage Stability Index(VSI) approach, while the sizes for these DGs can be determined using the firefly Algorithm(FA). The proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE 33-bus system.The findings of the proposed method significantly improve the voltage profile and decrease <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\text{Loss}}$</tex> of the RDN. The results indicate that the best arrangement of DG placement (type3) can reduce the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\text{Loss}}$</tex> by 94.26% and improve the VSI from 0.689 p.u to 0.9640 p.u and voltage at the weakest bus from 0.9131 p.u to 0.9921 p.u. Further, FA is compared with the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) in optimizing DGs location and ratings to enhance the DN performance. Therefore, a proven and effective optimization strategy is recommended for incorporating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into Distribution Systems (DS) using VSI and FA techniques. The results indicate that the suggested method can improve the distribution system's performance by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\text{Loss}}$</tex> and enhancing the voltage profile.