Myths of Capitalism, Marxism, and Chinese Socialism under the Global Division of Labor

This paper explores the evolution of the mythological systems of capitalism, Marxism, and socialism with Chinese characteristics within the context of the globalized division of labor. The study highlights how globalization, by altering production modes and breaking traditional geographical and cultural boundaries, has driven productivity growth while shaping new societal values and ideological myths. The Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution facilitated the formation of the myths of capitalist rationalism and instrumental rationality. These myths promoted technological progress and economic growth but also exacerbated labor alienation and ecological crises. Rooted in historical materialism and surplus value theory, Marxism reveals the contradictions within capitalist production relations and proposes a pathway to comprehensive human development through socialist transformation. Building on this foundation, socialism with Chinese characteristics integrates Marxism with China's specific conditions to establish a distinctive development model, differing from both traditional capitalism and classical socialism. This model offers new solutions to the issues of inequality and ecological challenges in the globalized division of labor. Finally, this paper analyzes the evolution and driving forces behind modern myths, elucidating the deep interactions among globalization, capitalism, Marxism, and socialism with Chinese characteristics.