Yield of spring barley and assessment of the production process indicators in the crop rotation

Barley is less demanding, compared to wheat, for soil fertility and mineral fertilizers. However, high grain yields are collected from fertile soils with a thick arable horizon, a neutral reaction of the soil solution and an average content of mineral substances. According to the long-term studies, spring barley is a highly productive agricultural crop that delivers high yields against the minimum introduction of mineral fertilisers. The main qualitative parameters of grain such as size of a grain, number of grains in an ear, content of crude protein etc. have high values. The grain productivity (c/ha) and crude protein harvest (kg/ha) values strongly exceeded those of the non-fertilised plot by 14.3 and 12.8 %, respectively. The increase in the hoodness level, biological yield, productive bushiness and number of grains in an ear by 7.8–10.9 % was not as strong. The grain yield, plant height, and grain weight from an ear showed a slight increase from 4 to 6.5 %. The economic crop rotation coefficient according to the above signs did not exceed 0.5, which indicates an average level in the overall production process in the crop rotation. The calculated variation coefficients mean that the studied indicators are quite similar and interrelated, can change quite synchronously under changing environmental conditions.