Prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Anemia with their Correlates in the Adult Population in a Tribal Block in Eastern India

A BSTRACT Context: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, hypertension, and others are spreading like an epidemic over the world. Anemia is a significant public health problem. Tribal communities pay the least attention on chronic illnesses. Aims: To estimate the magnitude of diabetes, hypertension, and anemia with their correlates among the adult tribal population in Eastern India. Settings and Design: A community-based, descriptive study with a cross-sectional design was carried out in Hirbandh block, Bankura, West Bengal. Methods and Material: The study involved 210 participants, selected through cluster sampling, and collected information through house-to-house visits, interviews, clinical examinations, anthropometry, and lab investigations. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis was done with the help of MS Excel and statistical software SPSS 20.0 version. Statistical tests were used with P value ≤ 0.05 and were considered significant with a 95% confidence interval. Results: One-fourth study participants were found to have diabetes and almost 23% of the participants had hypertension. Prevalence of anemic was 57.1%. Diabetes was associated with age, gender, and occupation of the participants. Hypertension was associated with age educational level, marital status, occupation, body mass index, and waist–hip ratio. Anemia was related to gender, joint family, and intake of green leafy vegetables. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly rising all over the globe at an alarming rate. Improving the implementation of the current policy toward NCDs and anemia prevention and control will enhance the ability to address the multifactorial etiology of the above diseases within tribal populations and may reduce India’s disease burden.