Management orientation scale (MOS): Scale development and empirical validation

This study aimed to develop and validating a psychometric scale to measure the management orientation for commercial production of mango. The scale was developed by drawing upon findings from a previous research as well as understandings from a literature review on management orientation comprises planning, production and marketing. The theoretical framework used to collect the statements was validated by 66 experts from across the India. Reactions were analysed using relevancy, ‘t’ value and determine the coefficient of reliability. The scale is a valid and reliable. 87 statements qualified the relevancy criteria. As per the ‘t’ value outcomes, 31 statements were selected for the reliability test, the coefficient of reliability of scale was 0.8533. The three factors were finalized for management orientation: planning, production and marketing. The developed scale can help researchers, progressive mango growers, scientists and extension workers in improving the scientific management of mango orchards used to measure planning, production and marketing inefficiencies in view of commercial production. The results broaden the perspective that planning, production, and marketing have relative importance underlying management orientation. With their successful application for commercial production of mango, the farmers find managerial skills to realize higher profits. A number of instruments on management orientation are available but, no instrument has been rigorously validated for measuring the management orientation of commercial mango growers. This scale is the first validated psychometric scale that permits a quantitative assessment of the management orientation of commercial mango growers.