Congenital heart defects in children: association with maternal factors (results of a single-center study)

Objective: to identify the association of congenital heart defects in children with maternal factors. Material and methods. This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 109 children who were treated in the cardio-rheumatology department of Chelyabinsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018. All children underwent two-dimensional echocardiography with Dopplerography Results. The average age of the children was 9.48 years, 62% were boys. When analyzing the structure of congenital malformations, almost half of the children (47%) had defects with left-to-right discharge, 13% had defects from right to left, every 5th (19%) child had defects with cross-discharge, 4.5% of children had defects with blood flow obstruction, 5.5% had defects of the valvular apparatus, and 1.9% had defects of the coronary arteries of the heart. 14% of children were born with low birth weight, including 7% of children with left-to-right shunt heart defects. 67% of children with congenital malformations were born from repeated pregnancies. 59% of women had somatic pathology. In 17% of cases, the course of pregnancy was complicated by threatened miscarriage/threat of termination of pregnancy and/or chronic placental insufficiency. Infectious diseases during pregnancy were noted in 21 % of cases. In 10% of cases, pregnancy was complicated by premature birth. In 31 % of cases, delivery was performed by cesarean section for obstetric indications.