Biological diversity of herring (Clupea pallasii) Okhotsk Sea

The paper provides a comparative analysis of the parameters of the biological diversity of herring living in the Sea of Okhotsk, compared with the parameters for aggregations from other waters where this species of fish lives. As a comparison, molecular genetic indices (average nucleotide diversity, the value of single mutations), as well as a number of environmental indices (Simpson, Shannon, Margalef, etc.) are used, calculated on the basis of carrier frequencies of haplotypic variants for each cluster. It was revealed that there is a gradient of biological variability in the range of this species, which is interpreted by us as a sign of the presence of favorable or unfavorable environmental conditions for the habitat of this species. In total, 4 areas of accumulation of maximum biological diversity for herring were identified throughout its range: the southwest of the Sea of Japan, the northeast of the Sea of Okhotsk, as well as the area near the southeast of the Gulf of Alaska (between Baranov and Queen Charlotte Islands) and in the estuary section of the Columbia River. A significant (p < 0.001) correlation was found between the geographical habitat (in the latitudelongitude position) and the parameters of nucleotide variability.