An Uncommon Manifestation of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Precipitated by Candida Auris - A Case Report

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but severe systemic inflammatory syndrome, often classified under autoimmune conditions. It is characterised by the excessive activation and proliferation of cytotoxic T cells and histiocytes (macrophages), leading to widespread immune dysregulation. There are two types of HLH one is primary and the other is secondary. Infections caused by virulent organisms are the most common precipitating factor for secondary HLH. While common bacterial and viral agents are well-documented in HLH, fungal infections as a precipitant are relatively less described. Among fungi, an HLH association with Candida auris is infrequent, with only ten documented cases in existing medical literature. We report a case of HLH precipitated by a Candida auris infection.